Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
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Mol Cancer Ther. 2005;4:1645-1652
© 2005 American Association for Cancer Research

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Genes to vaccines for immunotherapy: how the molecular biology revolution has influenced cancer immunology

Dan A. Laheru, Drew M. Pardoll and Elizabeth M. Jaffee

Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

Requests for reprints: Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Bunting-Blaustein Cancer Research Building, Room 4M07, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231. Phone: 410-955-2957; Fax: 410-614-8216. E-mail: ejaffee{at}jhmi.edu

Recent advances in our understanding of the complex signaling pathways involved in immune system regulation, along with analyses of genetic differences between tumors and their normal cellular counterparts, have accelerated development of immune-based strategies for cancer treatment and prevention. More clinically relevant animal models have shown that successful immune-based strategies will require the integration of interventions that target specific tumor antigens with regulators of the antitumor immune response. Immunotherapy for cancer is at a critical crossroad, as therapeutics designed to target cancer-associated antigens and regulatory signaling molecules enter clinical trials. We outline here a paradigm for early-stage clinical development of immunotherapy combinations that use vaccines to drive tumor antigen-specific responses while simultaneously targeting immune regulatory pathways.

Grant support: National Cancer Institute Specialized Programs of Research Excellence in Gastrointestinal Cancer grant CA62924 (E.M. Jaffee), National Cancer Institute Specialized Programs of Research Excellence in Breast Cancer grant 1P50CA88843 (E.M. Jaffee), National Cancer Institute/National Cooperative Drug Discovery Group grant 2U19CA72108 (E.M. Jaffee and D.M. Pardoll), Avon Foundation for Breast Cancer Research (E.M. Jaffee), National Cancer Institute grant R01CA71806 (E.M. Jaffee), the Goodwin Family and the Sol Golman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, and NIH K23 Physician Scientist Career Development award 1 K23 CA093566 (D.A. Laheru).

1 D.A. Laheru and E.M. Jaffee, personal communication.

Received 5/16/05; revised 6/23/05; accepted 7/ 8/05.






HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cancer Research Clinical Cancer Research
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
Molecular Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Research
Cancer Prevention Journals Portal Cancer Reviews Online
Annual Meeting Education Book Meeting Abstracts Online
Copyright © 2005 by the American Association for Cancer Research.