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The role of nuclear Y-box binding protein 1 as a global marker in drug resistance

¹ Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy of the 21st Century COE Program for Medical Science, and Departments of ² Surgery and ³ Gynecology Obstetrics, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan; Departments of ⁴ Molecular Biology and ⁵ Surgery, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan; Departments of ⁶ Anatomic Pathology, ⁷ Medical Biochemistry, and ⁸ Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; ⁹ Breast Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

Requests for reprints: Kimitoshi Kohno, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan. Phone: 81-93-691-7423; Fax: 81-93-692-2766. E-mail: k-kohno{at}med.uoeh-u.ac.jp

Gene expression can be regulated by nuclear factors at the transcriptional level. Many such factors regulate MDR1 gene expression, but what are the sequence elements and transcription factors that control the basal and inducible expression of this gene? The general principles through which transcription factors participate in drug resistance are now beginning to be understood. Here, we review the factors involved in the transcriptional regulation of the MDR1 gene. In particular, we focus on the transcription factor Y-box binding protein 1 and discuss the possible links between Y-box binding protein 1 expression and drug resistance in cancer, which are mediated by the transmembrane P-glycoprotein or non–P-glycoprotein.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹⁰ K. Kohno and M. Kuwano, unpublished data.

Received 5/21/04; revised 8/11/04; accepted 8/27/04.